Historical awareness and initial teacher training

Abstract

In this article we analyze the ideological perspective adopted by a group of normalist new students in relation to the current economic, political and social problems in Mexico, from this we verify the ability they have to relate the past, the present and the future. It constitutes an exercise to identify and categorize typologies of historical consciousness in them. The document represents the result of a qualitative diagnostic investigation developed at the Urban Normal School of the Isthmus located in Ixtepec city, Oaxaca, during the 2014-2015 school year. The research questions that were intended to be solved were the following: Is the cultural and ideological perspective that students show in their opinions in relation to current social problems? What type or level of ideological awareness do they adopt in relation to past events and social situations of the present? What relationship is established between the ideological characteristics of the subjects and their professional training (initial) as teachers? How can a historical - critical consciousness be developed in future teachers? In order to obtain field information in relation to this problem, a diagnostic-questionnaire was applied to the subjects under investigation. Based on the analysis of the information obtained, three types of historical awareness could be defined that characterize students' thinking, according to the approach of the students. Paulo Freire these are: magical awareness, naive awareness and critical consciousness, which is explained in greater detail in the body of this paper.